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Glossary of Agricultural Production, Programs and Policy

4th Edition

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Yardage

A daily, per-head, feedlot cost, in addition to feed costs, for maintaining cattle at the feedlot.
See Also:
feed. feedlot. feedlot cost.

Yarn(s)

A continuous strand of textile fibers that may be composed of endless filaments or shorterfibers twisted or otherwise held together. Yarns are utilized in making fabric.
See Also:
textile.

Yearling(s)

An animal that is more than one year old, but less than two. See Long yearling, and Short yearling.
See Also:
Long yearling. Short yearling.

Yeast

A tiny plant-like microorganism that serves as a catalyst in the process of fermentation.
See Also:
fermentation. process.

Yellow corn

Corn that is yellow-kerneled and contains not more than five percent of corn of other colors. Yellow kernels of corn with a slight tinge of red are considered yellow corn. See Corn classes.
See Also:
Corn classes.

Yellow soybeans

Soybeans that have yellow or green seed coats, that in cross section are yellow or have a yellow tinge, and may include not more than 10 percent of soybeans of other colors.

Yield (economic maximum)

The most that can be produced on full, efficient application of technology presently known by all producers. It assumes there are no limitations on management, materials, equipment, capital, and experience.
See Also:
technology.

Yield (wool)

(1) The amount of clean wool that is derived from grease wool in the scouring process; expressed as a percentage. (2) The amount of usable fiber after processing.
See Also:
clean. fiber. grease wool. processing.

Yield adjustment

Under former programs for program yield purposes, the Farm Service Agency had the authority to adjust any farm program payment yield for any program crop on a farm if the yield did not accurately reflect the productive potential of the farm. Under the Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002 (Sec. 1102(e)), payment yields for use in calculating counter-cyclical payments can be upgraded. See Partial county yield average, and Program yield(s).
See Also:
farm. farm program payment yield. Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002. Farm Service Agency. Partial county yield average. program crop. program yield. Program yield(s).

Yield goal (sugar)

See Per-acre yield goal (sugar).
See Also:
Per-acre yield goal (sugar).

Yield grade

A grade assigned by a federal grader to predict carcass cutability. See Yield grade (beef), Yield grade (lamb), and Yield grade (pork).
See Also:
cutability. grade. grader. Yield grade (beef). Yield grade (lamb). Yield grade (pork).

Yield grade (beef)

The yield gradeof a beef carcass is determined by considering four characteristics: (a) amount of external fat, (b) amount of kidney, pelvic, and heart fat, (c) area of the ribeye muscle, and (d) hot-carcass weight. Under U.S. standards, there are five classes of yield grade.
See Also:
beef. grade. hot-carcass weight. yield grade.

Yield grade (lamb)

The yield grade of an ovine carcass is based on the amount of external fat present, maturity, color, firmness, and texture of the lean evaluated in terms of their relationship to the ultimate flavor and tenderness of the meat. USDA lamb grades are prime, choice, and good.
See Also:
lean. meat. ovine. yield grade.

Yield grade (pork)

The yield grade for barrowsand gilts, with an acceptable quality grade, is determined by the expected carcass yields of four lean cuts and is graded U.S. 1 through 4. See Utility grade (pork).
See Also:
lean. quality grade. Utility grade (pork). yield grade.

Yield guarantee

For crop insurance purposes, the per-bushel figure that is a percentage of actual production history yield. Indemnity payments occur when the actual yield is below the yield guarantee.
See Also:
actual yield. bushel. crop insurance. Indemnity.

Yield-based insurance coverage

Crop insurance that pays an indemnity for low yields; as opposed to revenue insurance that insures a level of crop income, based both on yields and the prices that determine a crop's value. See Dollar Plan,Group Risk Plan (GRP), and Multiperil crop insurance (MPCI).
See Also:
Crop insurance. Dollar Plan. Group Risk Plan (GRP). indemnity. Multiperil crop insurance (MPCI). revenue insurance.

Young turkey

A turkey of either sex that is less than eight months of age.

Young, beginning, and small (YBS)

A Farm Credit System initiative to encourage newer and younger producers to enter farming and ranching and to provide increased credit opportunities for small farmers. The goals of this initiative are to be balanced with the requirement to minimize undue credit risks. See Beginning; beginning farmer(s) and rancher(s) (qualified), Small (farmer and rancher), and Young; young farmer(s).
See Also:
Farm Credit System. Small (farmer and rancher). Young; young farmer(s).

Young; young farmer(s)

Under the Farm Credit System's YBS initiative, a young, beginning, and small farmer, rancher, and producer or harvester of aquatic products who is under the age of 35.
See Also:
Farm Credit System. s.

Youth project loans

Farm Service Agency loans to individual rural youths to establish and operate income-producing projects of modest size in connection with their participation in 4-H,FFA, and similar organizations. Also Rural youth loans.
See Also:
4-H. FFA. rural. Rural youth loans.

University of Arkansas • Division of Agriculture
Cooperative Extension Service
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Little Rock, Arkansas 72204 • USA
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