Glossary Entries beginning with Q

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Glossary of Agricultural Production, Programs and Policy

4th Edition

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Qualified Through Verification (QTV)

Since January 1996, an Agricultural Marketing Service (AMS) voluntary, user-fee-based, pilot program service for the fresh-cut produce industry. Under the QTV, AMS technical specialists work with company management to develop a credible Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point Systemfor a production facility, and through unannounced on-site audits, verify its continuing effectiveness. Originally called Quality Through Verification, the name was changed to reflect more accurately its emphasis on food wholesomeness.
See Also:
Agricultural Marketing Service (AMS). program.

Qualified beginning farmer and rancher

See Beginning; beginning farmer(s) and (or) rancher(s) (qualified).
See Also:
Beginning; beginning farmer(s) and (or) rancher(s) (qualified).

Qualified supplying country (sugar)

Under the Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002 (Sec. 1403), any foreign country that is allowed to export cane sugar to the U.S. under an agreement.
See Also:
cane sugar. export. Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002.

Qualifying expenditure(s)

Under the Continued Dumping and Subsidy Offset Act of 2000, an expenditure incurred after the issuance of the antidumping duty finding or order or countervailing duty order.
See Also:
Continued Dumping and Subsidy Offset Act of 2000. countervailing duty. dumping. duty.

Qualifying loss

The threshold loss required before being eligible for certain crop insurance or emergency assistance programs.
See Also:
crop insurance. eligible.

Qualifying natural disaster declaration

Under the Agricultural Assistance Act of 2003 (Division N, Title II, Sec. 203), a natural disaster declared by the Secretary of Agriculture under authority of the Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act (Sec. 321(a) (7 U.S.C. § 1961(a)), or a major disaster or emergency designated by the President under the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act (42 U.S.C. §§ 5121 et seq.).
See Also:
Agricultural Assistance Act of 2003. Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act.

Qualifying production loss

The threshold loss of normal production that a producer must experience before being eligible to participate in a disaster payments programor receive emergency loans. Normal production is defined as the expected production based on history. See Noninsured (Crop Disaster) Assistance Program (NAP), and Qualifying loss.
See Also:
disaster payments. eligible. emergency loans. expected production. Noninsured (Crop Disaster) Assistance Program (NAP). producer. program. Qualifying loss.

Qualitative traits

Those traits in which there are sharp distinctions between phenotypes such as black and white or polled and horned. Usually, only one or a few pairs of genes are involved in the expression of qualitative traits. See Quantitative traits.
See Also:
polled. Quantitative traits.

Quality Loss Program (QLP)

A Farm Service Agency program, authorized by the Agriculture, Rural Development, Food and Drug Administration, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2001, that compensated producers who suffered at least a 20 percent loss in 2000-year crop quality due to weather-related disasters. All crops were eligible except certain specialty crops such as ornamentals, Christmas trees, aquaculture, honey, turfgrass sod, maple sap, and ginseng. Quality losses for apples and potatoes were covered under a separate program. The QLP offered additional payments for crops where the Crop Disaster Program quality payments were inadequate or nonexistent. See Apple Market Loss Assistance Program (AMLAP), and Quality Loss Program for Apples and Potatoes.
See Also:
Agriculture, Rural Development, Food and Drug Administration, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2001. Apple Market Loss Assistance Program (AMLAP). aquaculture. authorized. Crop Disaster Program. eligible. program. Quality Loss Program for Apples and Potatoes.

Quality Loss Program for Apples and Potatoes

A separate $38 million Quality Loss Program for apples and potatoes. Apple and potato producers who suffered at least a 20 percent loss could file for a quality loss payment for both the 1999 and 2000 crops. Because the total of the claims filed was in excess of $129 million and by statute only $38 million was available for the program, producers were paid 27.8 percent of their qualifying losses.
See Also:
program. Quality Loss Program.

Quality Samples Program (QSP)

A program, authorized under the Commodity Credit Corporation Charter Act, through which U.S. agricultural productsare provided to foreign importers in order to promote a better understanding and appreciation for their high quality. The programis utilized in markets where the U.S. generally is competitive and has a clear potential for expanding sales.
See Also:
authorized. Commodity Credit Corporation. program.

Quality grade(s)

A measure of overall carcass desirability as determined by a federal grader. The meat quality grades are (a) beef –prime, choice, select, standard, commercial, utility, and cutter and canner; (b) lamb –prime, choice, good, and utility; (c) veal –prime, choice, good, standard, and utility; (d) pork –acceptable and unacceptable; and (e) poultry –A, B, and C. See Quality grade(s) (beef), and Quality grade(s) (pork).
See Also:
beef. grader. meat. poultry. Quality grade(s). Quality grade(s) (pork). veal.

Quality grade(s) (beef)

Characteristics that predict the palatability of the lean meat. Eight quality grade designations are applicable to steer and heifer carcasses: prime, choice, select, standard, commercial, utility, and cutter and canner. Except for prime, the same designations apply to cow carcasses. The quality grade designations for bullock carcasses are prime, choice, select, standard, and utility. Lower grades (standard, commercial, utility, and cutter and canner) are mainly ground or used in processed meat products. USDA prime beef (about two percent of graded beef) has more marbling so it is the most tender and flavorful; however, it is higher in fat content. Most of the graded beef sold in supermarkets is USDA Choice or USDA Select. The protein, vitamin, and mineral content of beef are similar regardless of the grade. See Yield grade (beef).
See Also:
beef. bullock. cow. cutter. heifer. marbling. meat. palatability. processed. protein. steer. Yield grade (beef).

Quality grade(s) (pork)

The quality grade for pork (barrows and gilts) is based on two considerations: quality and expected yield. The general levels of quality recognized are (a) acceptable and (b) unacceptable. Acceptable quality takes into account the characteristics of the lean meat, the degree of external fatness, and the sufficiency of the thickness of the belly. See Yield grade (pork).
See Also:
Yield grade (pork).

Quality loss payments

See Quality Loss Program (QLP), and Quality Loss Program for Apples and Potatoes.
See Also:
Quality Loss Program (QLP). Quality Loss Program for Apples and Potatoes.

Quantitative restriction(s) (QR)

Explicit limits, or quotas, on the physical amounts of particular commodities that can be imported or exported during a specified time period, usually measured by volume but sometimes by value.

Quantitative traits

Those traits in which there are no sharp distinctions between phenotypes, with a gradual variation from one phenotype to another, such as weaning weight. Usually, many gene pairs are involved, as well as environmental influences. See Qualitative traits.
See Also:
phenotype. Qualitative traits.

Quarantine

Part of the disease and pest control and eradication program. Quarantines can either restrict movement of plants and animals from an area known to be infested with exotic pestsor highly virulent diseases, or isolate infected plant and animals within an infected area so as to facilitate successful eradication efforts. Restrictions may also be placed on the movement or use of equipment, facilities, soil, residue, vehicles, buildings, and other articles in an effort to eradicate or control a dangerous disease or pest. See Agricultural Quarantine Inspection program (AQI), and Phytosanitary measure.
See Also:
Agricultural Quarantine Inspection program (AQI). exotic. pest. pest control. Phytosanitary measure. plant. program. residue. soil.

Quarantine 37

First established June 1, 1919. The quarantine prevents the importation of most plant material since it restricts importation of soil on the roots. The restrictions are necessary to prevent harmful insects and diseases from entering the U.S.
See Also:
plant. quarantine. soil.

Quarantine applications

With respect to methyl bromide, treatments to prevent the introduction, establishment and spread of quarantine pests (including diseases) or to ensure their official control where (a) official control is performed by, or authorized by, a national plant, animal, or environmental protection or health authority; and (b) quarantine pests are pests of potential importance to the areas endangered but not yet present there, or present by not widely distributed and being officially controlled.
See Also:
authorized. methyl bromide. plant.

Quinoa

A weedy, annual, native American crop whose seeds can be used as a grain or as a flour. See Pseudocereal(s).
See Also:
Pseudocereal(s).

Quota (dairy)

See California milk marketing order.
See Also:
California milk marketing order.

Quota (peanuts) loan rate

Under the former peanut program, the price-support loan rate for quota peanuts.The Federal Agriculture Improvement and Reform Act of 1996 froze the quota loan rate for 1996-2002 at $610 per ton. See Additionals (peanuts) loan rate, and Peanut (price-support) program.
See Also:
Additionals (peanuts) loan rate. Federal Agriculture Improvement and Reform Act of 1996. loan. Peanut (price-support) program. price-support loan rate. quota. quota peanuts.

Quota (tobacco)

See Marketing quota(s).
See Also:
Marketing quota(s).

Quota Buyout for Peanuts (QBOP)

See Compensation for loss of quota asset value (peanuts).
See Also:
Compensation for loss of quota asset value (peanuts).

Quota buyout

(1) The purchase of marketing quotas by the federal government for the purpose of phasing out such quotas, thus significantly reducing production costs and eventually government outlays. (2) See Compensation for loss of quota asset value (peanuts).
See Also:
Compensation for loss of quota asset value (peanuts).

Quota holder(s) (peanuts)

See Farm poundage quota(s) (peanuts).
See Also:
Farm poundage quota(s) (peanuts).

Quota loss payments

See Tobacco Loss Assistance Program (TLAP), Tobacco Loss Assistance Program 2000 (TLAP 2000), and Tobacco Loss Assistance Program 2001 (TLAP01).
See Also:
Tobacco Loss Assistance Program (TLAP). Tobacco Loss Assistance Program 2000 (TLAP 2000). Tobacco Loss Assistance Program 2001 (TLAP01).

Quota owner(s) (tobacco)

The person or entity who owns the land for which a quota is established under the Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1938, as amended, irrespective of temporary transfers or undermarketings.
See Also:
Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1938. quota.

Quota peanuts

Under the former peanut program, peanuts eligible for the nonrecourse quota loan rate. See Farm poundage quota(s) (peanuts), and Peanut (price-support) program.
See Also:
eligible. Farm poundage quota(s) (peanuts). Peanut (price-support) program.

Quota(s)

See Farm poundage quota(s) (peanuts), Import quota(s), Marketing quota(s), and Tariff-rate quota(s); tariff quota(s).
See Also:
Farm poundage quota(s) (peanuts). Import quota(s). Marketing quota(s). Tariff-rate quota(s); tariff quota(s).

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