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Glossary of Agricultural Production, Programs and Policy

4th Edition

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0/85

Under the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1993, wheat and feedgrain producers could idle between 0 and 85 percent of their permitted acreage (payment acres) to a conserving use or minor oilseeds (sunflower, safflower, canola, rapeseed, flaxseed, and mustard seed) and receive deficiency payments on a maximum of 85 percent of a farm"s permitted acreage. A producer participating in the 0/85 program was guaranteed to receive at least the estimated deficiency payment rate, or the final deficiency payment rate, whichever was higher. Producers must have planted selected crops or idled 15 percent of their permitted acres. Under certain conditions, producers could underplant and receive deficiency payments on up to 92 percent of their payment acres if they had planted minor oilseeds, sesame, crambe, or industrial crops; if they were prevented from planting; or if they had failed acres. The Federal Agriculture Improvement and Reform Act of 1996 (Sec. 171) eliminated the 0/85 program provision.
See Also:
conserving use. crambe. deficiency payment. estimated. failed acres. Federal Agriculture Improvement and Reform Act of 1996. minor oilseeds. mustard seed. Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1993. payment acres. permitted acres. producer. program. rate. sesame. underplant.

0/92

A provision of the Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act of 1990 that allowed wheat and feedgrain producers to devote all or a portion of their permitted acreage (also payment acres) to a conserving use or minor oilseeds (sunflowers, safflower, canola, rapeseed, flaxseed, and mustard seed) and receive deficiency payments on a maximum of 92 percent of a farm's permitted acreage. Under this provision, producers planting minor oilseeds on 0/92 acres must have chosen either the 0/92 payment or the oilseed marketing loan. If producers chose the 0/92 payment, they lost their marketing loan eligibility for that oilseed. The Federal Agriculture Improvement and Reform Act of 1996 (Sec. 171) eliminated the 0/92 program provision. See 0/85.
See Also:
0/85. conserving use. Federal Agriculture Improvement and Reform Act of 1996. Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act of 1990. marketing loan. minor oilseeds. mustard seed. oilseed. payment acres. program.

1862(s); 1862 land grant(s); 1862 institutions

Institutions eligible to receive funds under the Act of July 2, 1862. See 1st Morrill Act (1862) and Land grant(s); land grant institution(s); land grant university(ies); land grant college(s); land grant colleges and/or universities.
See Also:
1st Morrill Act (1862). eligible. Land grant(s); land grant institution(s); land grant university(ies); land grant college(s); land grant colleges and/or universities.

1890 Facilities

As authorized by the Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act of 1990 (Sec. 1447), a facilities and equipment acquisition and improvement program for 1890 institutions.
See Also:
1890. authorized. Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act of 1990. program.

1890 Institution Teaching and Research Capacity Building Grants Program

Authorized by Sec. 1417 (b)(4) of theNational Agricultural Research, Extension, and Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. § 3152 (b)(4)), this program is designed to stimulate the development of high-quality teaching and research programs at the 1890 Land Grant Colleges and Universities and Tuskegee University, and to build their capacities as full partners within the USDA Research, Education, and Economicsmission area.
See Also:
1890 Land Grant Colleges and Universities and Tuskegee University. Authorized. National Agricultural Research, Extension, and Teaching Policy Act of 1977. program. Research, Education, and Economics.

1890 Land Grant Colleges and Universities and Tuskegee University

Historically Black land grant colleges and universities. Through the Act of August 30, 1890, and several other authorities, these institutions may receive federal funds for agricultural research, extension, and teaching. The Agriculture, Rural Development, Food and Drug Administration, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2002 (Sec. 753) made West Virginia State College eligible to receive funds otherwise available to colleges and universities through the Act of August 30, 1890. See 2nd Morrill Act (1890),Evans-Allen funds, and Land grant(s); land grant institution(s); land grant university(ies); land grant college(s); land grant colleges and/or universities.
See Also:
2nd Morrill Act (1890). Agriculture, Rural Development, Food and Drug Administration, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2002. eligible. Evans-Allen funds. extension. Land grant(s); land grant institution(s); land grant university(ies); land grant college(s); land grant colleges and/or universities.

1890 National Scholars Program

In cooperation with the 1890 Land Grant Colleges and Universities and Tuskegee University, the USDA conducts the 1890 National Scholars Program to attract outstanding minority students to careers in agriculture.
See Also:
1890. 1890 Land Grant Colleges and Universities and Tuskegee University. Program.

1890(s); 1890 land grant(s); 1890 institutions

Institutions eligible to receive funds under the 2nd Morrill Act. See 1890 Land Grant Colleges and Universities and Tuskegee University,2nd Morrill Act (1890), and Land grant(s); land grant institution(s); land grant university(ies); land grant college(s); land grant colleges and/or universities.
See Also:
1890 Land Grant Colleges and Universities and Tuskegee University. 2nd Morrill Act. eligible.

1992 Blair House Memorandum of Understanding on Oilseeds (Blair House Agreement)

A compromise settlement between the U.S. and the European Union on an agricultural trade structure to rescue the possible collapse of the Uruguay Round of talks within the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT). Under the agreement, EU planting of oilseeds for food purposes are limited to a maximum guaranteed area for producers benefitting from crop-specific oilseeds payments. The agreement limits the EU oilseeds production area and penalizes overproduction. The Blair House Agreement is contained in the EU's World Trade Organization schedule of commitments and resolved a GATT dispute over EU domestic support programs that impaired access to the EU oilseeds market.
See Also:
Blair House Agreement. EU. European Union. GATT. General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT). market. oilseeds. Uruguay Round. World Trade Organization.

1992 Maastricht Treaty on European Union Agreement (Maastricht Treaty)

The Treaty on European Union, known as the Maastricht Treaty, was signed at Maastricht, the Netherlands, on February 7, 1992. The treaty amended the Treaty of Rome, which established the European Economic Community in 1957, and radically restructured the EC, formally established the European Union, and committed the EU to economic and monetary union by 1999 at the latest.
See Also:
EC. EU. European Union.

1994 Land grant colleges (institutions)

Common name given to the 31 Native American tribal colleges that were accorded land grant status by the Improving America's Schools Act of 1994 (P.L. 103-382, Title V, Part A; signed into law October 20, 1994), as amended. The Act established an endowment fund from which the Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Servicetakes the annual income and distributes it to the CollegesB40 percent in equal shares and 60 percent on the basis of Native American student enrollment at each institution. In addition, the Actauthorizes appropriations to support grants for curriculum, faculty, and equipment improvement. The Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002 (Secs. 7126-7128 and 7201) reauthorizes the program until 2007. See Equity in Educational Land Grant Status Act of 1994.
See Also:
Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service. Equity in Educational Land Grant Status Act of 1994. Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002. land grant. program. tribal colleges.

1998 Flood Compensation Program (FCP)

Authorized by the Omnibus Consolidated and Emergency Supplemental Appropriations Act, FY1999, the program compensated producers for the loss of cropland or pasturelanddue to unusual, long-term flooding during the period from October 1, 1997, through September 30, 1998. The land must have been in a county that was declared a disaster area under a Presidential declaration or Secretarial designation. Applicants for assistance must have owned or had a binding cash lease on the property, and must have owned or leased it continuously since October 1, 1997. Payments could not exceed $40,000 per producer. See 2000 Flood Compensation Program (FCP).
See Also:
2000 Flood Compensation Program (FCP). Authorized. cash lease. cropland. pastureland. producer. program.

1999 Livestock Indemnity Program (LIP), Phase I

TheLivestock Indemnity Program authorized by provisions of the Emergency Supplemental Appropriations Act, FY1999, which made $3 million available to the implement the program for qualifying livestock losses occurring in the period beginning on May 2, 1998, and ending on May 21, 1999. The legislation specified that the covered losses had to be due to natural disasters declared by the President or Secretary of Agriculture, that the request for qualifying declaration had to be submitted by May 21, 1999, and that, to the extent practicable, benefits had to be provided in a manner similar to that used for the livestock indemnity programs carried out by the USDA during 1997 and 1998. Also, the legislation specified that benefits under the program would be subject, to the extent practicable, to a gross incomemeans test and payment limitations.
See Also:
authorized. Emergency Supplemental Appropriations Act, FY1999. livestock. Livestock Indemnity Program. means test. program.

1999 Livestock Indemnity Program (LIP), Phase II

The Livestock Indemnity Program authorized by the Agriculture, Rural Development, Food and Drug Administration, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2000 (Secs. 801 and 805) that extended benefits for losses that occurred in that part of 1999 not covered by 1999 Livestock Indemnity Program, Phase I (May 22, 1999, and December 31, 1999, inclusive).
See Also:
Agriculture, Rural Development, Food and Drug Administration, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2000. authorized. Livestock Indemnity Program.

1st Morrill Act (1862) (7 U.S.C. §§ 301 et seq.)

Signed into law July 2, 1862. The Act creating the first land grant universities in each state and territory for the purpose of providing college-level instruction of agricultural and mechanical arts, as well as of the classics and military tactics, to the common man in order to prepare them for the "professions of life."
See Also:
land grant universities.

2,4,5-T; 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid

See Chlorophenoxy herbicides.
See Also:
Chlorophenoxy herbicides.

2,4-D; 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid

See Chlorophenoxy herbicides.
See Also:
Chlorophenoxy herbicides.

2000 Crop Disaster Program

The Agriculture, Rural Development, Food and Drug Administration, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2001, included funding for producers who suffered crop losses in the year 2000 due to natural disasters. Eligibility was the same as for the Crop Disaster Program. Historic yields were based on the higher of the 5-year National Agricultural Statistics Service county average yield, the crop insurance actual production history yield, or the NAP-approved yield. Unlike previous crop loss programs, the 2000 CDP payments would not be subject to a national proration factor, meaning producersreceived 100 percent of the approved payment. However, CDP benefits were limited to $80,000 per person. No one with an annual gross income of $2.5 million or more in the 1999 tax year was eligible. As a condition of receiving benefits under CDP, any producer who elected not to purchase crop insurance on a 2000 crop for which CDP benefits were requested had to insure that crop for the 2001 and 2002 crop years.
See Also:
Agriculture, Rural Development, Food and Drug Administration, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2001. county average yield. Crop Disaster Program. crop insurance. eligible. National Agricultural Statistics Service. person. producer.

2000 Flood Compensation Program (FCP)

Under authority of the Agricultural Risk Protection Act of 2000 (Sec. 257), producers in eligible counties in Iowa, Minnesota, and North and South Dakota that were approved under the 1998 FCP could receive payments for the loss of the use of cropland or pastureland that occurred from October 1, 1999, through September 30, 2000. Payments totaling $20 million were made to 13,740 producers whose land was inaccessible or unfit for crop production, grazing, orhaying because of flooding or excess moisture during the 2000 crop year. Also Crop and Pasture Flood Compensation Program. See 1998 Flood Compensation Program (FCP).
See Also:
1998 Flood Compensation Program (FCP). Agricultural Risk Protection Act of 2000. Crop and Pasture Flood Compensation Program. crop year. cropland. eligible. grazing. haying. pastureland.

2002 Cattle Feed Program

See Cattle Feed Program.
See Also:
Cattle Feed Program.

2002 Supplemental Appropriations Act for Further Recovery From and Response To Terrorist Attacks on the United States (P. L. 107-206)

Signed into law August 2, 2002. Title I, Chapter 1 provides supplemental appropriations for the USDA Office of the Secretary; Agricultural Research Service; Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service; Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service; Food Safety and Inspection Service; Natural Resources Conservation Service; Rural Community Advancement Program; Rural Utilities Service; Local Television Loan Guarantee Program Account; and the Food and Nutrition Service Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC).
See Also:
Agricultural Research Service. Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service. Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service. Food Safety and Inspection Service. Natural Resources Conservation Service. Rural Community Advancement Program. Rural Utilities Service.

201 Lamb Meat

On July 7, 1999, the President signed Proclamation 7208 that implemented a safeguard action under Section 203(a)(3) of the Trade Act of 1974, as amended, on imports of lamb meat. The President proclaimed a tariff-rate quota, effective on July 22, 1999, for lamb meat in an amount equal to 31,851 metric tons in the first year, an amount that is equal to imports of lamb meat during calendar year 1998. The tariff rate quota amount will increase by 857 metric tons annually in the second and third years of relief. Also included was increased rates of duty for imports within the tariff-rate quota amount. The President's action provided for adjustment assistance of as much as $100 million over three years, with $50 million available in the first year.
See Also:
duty. lamb meat. Section 203. tariff-rate quota. Trade Act of 1974.

2nd Morrill Act (1890) (7 U.S.C. §§ 321 et seq.)

Signed into law August 30, 1890. The Second Morrill Act of 1890 authorized additional sums of money for the state agricultural experiment stations at the 1862 land grant colleges of agriculture, but stipulated that to receive the funds states should provide college-level agricultural education to Black as well as to White students. Sixteen southern and border states used the 1890 appropriation to establish separate agriculture colleges for Black students. In 1972, Congress gave land grant status to Tuskegee University in Alabama. The seventeen 1890 Land Grant Colleges and Universities receive federal formula funding for their research and extension programs.
See Also:
1862. 1890. 1890 Land Grant Colleges and Universities. appropriation. authorized. extension. land grant. Second Morrill Act of 1890.

2nd heads

The largest size of small rice fragments broken during milling. Rice flour, a nongluten flour used in allergy diets, refrigerated biscuits, dry mixes, and many other grocery products, is milled from this rice. See Brewers rice, Broken(s), Rice classes, and Screenings.
See Also:
Brewers rice. broken. gluten. milled. milling. Rice classes. Screenings.

3-step competitiveness program (cotton)

The Step 1, Step 2, and Step 3 provisions for upland cotton. See Adjusted world price (cotton), Northern Europe; Northern Europe price (NE), Special import quota, Step 1 adjustment (cotton), Upland Cotton Marketing Certificate Program,and U.S. Northern Europe (USNE).
See Also:
Adjusted world price (cotton). Northern Europe; Northern Europe price (NE). Special import quota. Step 1. Step 1 adjustment (cotton). Step 2. Step 3. U.S. Northern Europe (USNE). upland cotton. Upland Cotton Marketing Certificate Program.

301 Complaint

See Section 301.
See Also:
Section 301.

4-H

Involving over 5.5 million youths, making it one of the largest youth organizations in the U.S.; it is a club for young people (5-19 years old) sponsored by the Cooperative Extension Service to foster agricultural, human environmental science, career development, citizenship, leadership, and other skills. Member youths are encouraged to acquire knowledge, develop life skills, form attitudes, and practice behavior that will enable them to become self-directed and productive members of society. The four Hs stand for Head, Heart, Hands, and Health.
See Also:
Cooperative Extension Service.

5(g) (process)

See Late claim application.
See Also:
Late claim application.

50/85

Rice and cotton provisions that allow producers who plant at least 50 percent of their permitted acreage to receive deficiency payments on 85 percent of the farm's permitted acreage under certain conditions. The Federal Agriculture Improvement and Reform Act of 1996 (Sec. 171) eliminated the 50/85 program provision.
See Also:
50/85. cotton. Federal Agriculture Improvement and Reform Act of 1996. program.

50/92

A provision that allowed cotton and rice growers who planted at least 50 percent of their permitted acreage to receive deficiency payments on 92 percent of the farm's permitted acreage under certain conditions. The Federal Agriculture Improvement and Reform Act of 1996 (Sec. 171) eliminated the 50/92 program provision.
See Also:
50/92. cotton. Federal Agriculture Improvement and Reform Act of 1996. program.

University of Arkansas • Division of Agriculture
Cooperative Extension Service
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Little Rock, Arkansas 72204 • USA
Phone (501) 671-2000 • Fax (501) 671-2209

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